Adekuasi Asupan Energi dan Zat Gizi Makro dalam Mempertahankan Berat Badan dan Status Gizi Pasien Kanker Non Digestif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22487/35255978Keywords:
Berat Badan, Asupan, Hemoglobin, Albumin, Status GiziAbstract
Kanker merupakan penyakit kronik katabolik yang dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya penurunan berat badan dan malnutrisi. Malnutrisi pada kanker dapat diakibatkan oleh asupan yang tidak adekuat, perubahan metabolisme zat gizi danrespon inflamasi katabolik yang tinggi, sehingga adekuasi pada asupan gizi merupakan hal penting dalam menekan katabolisme, penurunan berat badan, status gizi dan inflamasi pada kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penurunan berat badan, asupan, kadar hemoglobin, dan albumin terhadap status gizi pasien kanker non digestif. Desain studi penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 28 pasien yang diambil secara purposive sampling, di ruang rawat inap terpadu Gedung A RSCM. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner karakteristik dan penyakit (penurunan berat badan dan indeks massa tubuh), formulir food recall2x24 jam (asupan) dan data rekam medis (hemoglobin dan albumin) yang kemudian diuji menggunakan Pearson Product Momentdan Spearman (p<0,05). Penelitian ini didapatkan 90% responden perempuan dengan usia lebih dari 40 tahun dan kanker serviks (46,7%), sebagian besar memiliki penurunan berat badan ≥ 5% selama 6 bulan serta 46,7% memiliki status gizi baik. Uji statistic didapatkan tidak ada hubungan antara penurunan berat badan, asupan energi, makronutrien, kadar hemoglobin dan albumin dengan status gizi (IMT) pasien (p>0,05). Asupan gizi yang baik terutama protein akan mempertahankan berat badan dan menjaga status giziserta kelangsungan hidup pasien kanker.
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