Unhealthy Lifestyle Habits and Implications of Adolescent Obesity Southeast Asia: Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22487/preventif.v16i2.2089Keywords:
Obesity, Adolescent, South East Asia, Factor, PrevalenceAbstract
Obesity among children and adolescents has become a serious global health problem. This is demonstrated by WHO data with child and adolescent obesity rates in Southeast Asia increasing with the prevalence of obesity ranging from 31% in Southeast Asia. This study aims to explore current scientific evidence that can inform the formulation of more effective adolescent obesity prevention and intervention strategies in the region. Between 2020-2024, searches were sourced from Google Scholar and Pubmed, using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) with exclusion criteria, and 8 relevant articles were obtained for analysis. The results showed that the increasing prevalence of adolescent obesity in Southeast Asia is evidenced by several contributing factors including, lack of physical activity due to gadgets, parental roles, poor diet, and family and socioeconomic environments that limit access to health. It was concluded that the lack of physical activity due to gadgets, the role of parents, poor diet, family’s role and socio-economic environment that limits access to health are factors that cause adolescent obesity. Integrated efforts need to be made through nutrition and physical activity education since school age, empowering the role of parents in shaping healthy eating patterns at home, and providing facilities that encourage active lifestyles.
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Likhitweerawong N, Boonchooduang N, Kittisakmontri K, Chonchaiya W, Louthrenoo O. Effectiveness of mobile application on changing weight, healthy eating habits, and quality of life in children and adolescents with obesity: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatr [Internet]. 2021;21(1):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02980-x
Siregar IA, Rahman LOA. Peran Aplikasi M-Health Dalam Promosi Kesehatan Aktivitas Fisik. J Kesehat. 2020;9(1):1.
WHO. Taking Action on Childhood Obesity. Word Heal Organ [Internet]. 2018;1–5. Available from: WHO (2018b) Taking action on childhood obesity, World Health Organization, pp. 1–8.
Rachmi CN, Jusril H, Ariawan I, Beal T, Sutrisna A. Eating behaviour of Indonesian adolescents: a systematic review of the literature. Public Health Nutr. 2021;24(Lmic):S84–97.
Hui Tee JY, Gan WY, Tan KA, Chin YS. Obesity and unhealthy lifestyle associated with poor executive function among Malaysian adolescents. PLoS One. 2018;13(4):1–17.
Pries AM, Feeley A, Kupka R. Diet Quality Among Older Adolescent Boys and Girls in the Southeast Asia Region. Matern Child Nutr. 2024;
Kemenkes BKPK. Survei Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2023 [Internet]. 2023. Available from: https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/ski-2023-dalam-angka/
Rizona F, Herliawati H, Latifin K, Septiawati D, Astridina L, Sari UM, et al. Distribusi Karakteristik Faktor Penyebab Obesitas Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar. J Keperawatan Sriwij. 2020;7(1):54–8.
Yuliani Y, Nugroho PS. Resiko Perilaku Konsumsi Fast ast Food dan Soft Drink Berlebih dengan Kejadian Obesitas pada Remaja di Laos. Borneo Student Res. 2022;3(2):1810–8.
Briawan D, Khomsan A, Alfiah E, Nasution Z, Putri PA. Preference for and consumption of traditional and fast foods among adolescents in Indonesia. Food Res. 2023;7(4):211–26.
United Nations T. Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases In Thailand A Case for Investment. 2021;1–94.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas). Laporan Riskesdas 2018 Nasional.pdf [Internet]. Lembaga Penerbit Balitbangkes. 2018. p. hal 156. Available from: https://repository.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/id/eprint/3514/1/Laporan Riskesdas 2018 Nasional.pdf
Rahmani A, Nadhiroh SR. Efforts Undertaken by Several ASEAN Countries to Address Childhood and Adolescent Obesity in School-Based Programs: A Systematic Review. Amerta Nutr. 2024;8(1):151–60.
WHO. Obesity and Overweight [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2025 May 21]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
Agung FH, Sekartini R, Sudarsono NC, Hendarto A, Dhamayanti M, Werdhani RA, et al. The barriers of home environments for obesity prevention in Indonesian adolescents. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2022;22(1):1–10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14669-6
Quah PL, Loo BKG, Razali NS, Razali NS, Teo CC, Tan KH. Parental perception and guideline awareness of children’s lifestyle behaviours at ages 5 to 14 in singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2021;50(9):695–702.
Phan HD, Phuong Nguyen TN, Bui PL, Pham TT, Doan TV, Nguyen DT, et al. Overweight and obesity among Vietnamese school-aged children: National prevalence estimates based on the World Health Organization and International Obesity Task Force definition. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(10). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240459
Al-Haroni H, Nik Farid ND, Azanan MS. Effectiveness of education intervention, with regards to physical activity level and a healthy diet, among Middle Eastern adolescents in Malaysia: A study protocol for a randomized control trial, based on a health belief model. PLoS One [Internet]. 2024;19(1 January). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289937
Sinulingga PA, Andayani LS, Lubis Z. Pengaruh Sekolah Secara Online terhadap Perilaku Sedentari yang Berisiko Obesitas pada Remaja Berumur 15-19 Tahun. J Kesehat. 2021;12(3):396–403.
Mohamad MS, Abdul Maulud KN, Faes C. A practical illustration of spatial smoothing methods for disconnected regions with INLA: spatial survey on overweight and obesity in Malaysia. Int J Health Geogr [Internet]. 2023;22(1):1–13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12942-023-00336-5
Ivanovitch K, Keolangsy S, Homkham N. Overweight and Obesity Coexist with Thinness among Lao’s Urban Area Adolescents. J Obes. 2020;2020.
Chakraborty PA, Talukder A, Haider SS, Gupta R Das. Prevalence and factors associated with underweight, overweight and obesity among 15-49-year-old men and women in Timor-Leste. PLoS One [Internet]. 2022;17(2 February):1–13. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262999
WHO. Obesity [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2025 May 21]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity
Lai WK, Mohd Sidik S, Rampal L, Gan WY, Ismail SIF. Effectiveness of a school-based intervention to manage overweight and obesity among adolescents in Seremban, Malaysia: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Hum Nutr Metab [Internet]. 2023;34(October):200229. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2023.200229
Ulfa N. Hubungan gaya hidup terhadap keefektifan pencegahan obesitas pada siswa MAN 2 Kota Banda Aceh tahun 2022. 2022;44. Available from: https://library.bbg.ac.id/
Purwo Setiyo Nugroho AURH. Kebiasaan Konsumsi Junk Food dan Frekuensi Makan Terhadap Obesitas. J Dunia Kesmas [Internet]. 2020;9(2):185–91. Available from: http://ejurnalmalahayati.ac.id/index.php/duniakesmas/index
Seema S, Kusum K. Rohilla, Vasantha C. Kalyani PB. Prevalence and contributing factors for adolescent obesity in present era: Cross-sectional Study. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2021;10(5):1890–4.
WHO. Physical activity [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2025 May 21]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity
Tumurang MN. Pengaruh Intervensi Aktivitas Fisik Berbasis Komunitas dalam Mengurangi Risiko Obesitas pada Remaja: Meta Analisis. J Sehat Mandiri [Internet]. 2024;19(2):1–14. Available from: http://jurnal.poltekkespadang.ac.id/ojs/index.php/jsm/article/view/1444%0Ahttp://jurnal.poltekkespadang.ac.id/ojs/index.php/jsm/article/download/1444/320
Mayarestya NP, Pamungkasari EP, Prasetya H. Meta-Analysis the Effect of Screen Time on the Risk of Overweight in Children and Adolescents in Asia. J Heal Promot Behav. 2021;6(3):201–11.
Wang JW, Zhu Z, Shuling Z, Fan J, Jin Y, Gao Z Le, et al. Effectiveness of mHealth App–Based Interventions for Increasing Physical Activity and Improving Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 2024;12.
Likhitweerawong N, Boonchooduang N, Kittisakmontri K, Chonchaiya W, Louthrenoo O. Effectiveness of mobile application on changing weight, healthy eating habits, and quality of life in children and adolescents with obesity: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatr [Internet]. 2021;21(1):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02980-x
Siregar IA, Rahman LOA. Peran Aplikasi M-Health Dalam Promosi Kesehatan Aktivitas Fisik. J Kesehat. 2020;9(1):1.
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Published
2025-08-28
How to Cite
Annisa, P., Muntaz, M., Sinaga, R. R., Handayani, D. S., & Herbawani, C. K. (2025). Unhealthy Lifestyle Habits and Implications of Adolescent Obesity Southeast Asia: Literature Review. Preventif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 16(2), 153–170. https://doi.org/10.22487/preventif.v16i2.2089
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