Development Nutritional Evaluation and Acceptability of Moringa Moringa oleifera and Eel Monopterus albus Meatballs as a Functional Food for Stunted Toddlers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22487/mag6kv62Keywords:
Keywords: stunting, toddlers, moringa leaf meatballs, eel, functional foodAbstract
ABSTRACT
Stunting remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia with a relatively high prevalence, particularly in South Sulawesi. One cause is low nutritional intake in toddlers. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) and eel (Monopterus albus) are local foods rich in protein, iron, and vitamins, but their utilization remains low. This study aims to determine the nutritional content and acceptability of a combination of moringa leaf and eel meatballs as a functional food for stunted toddlers. The study used an experimental design with two formulations: F1 (300 g eel: 30 g moringa leaves) and F2 (150 g eel: 15 g moringa leaves). Nutritional analysis was conducted in the laboratory, while acceptability testing was conducted on 6 mothers and 6 toddlers using a hedonic test. Laboratory test results showed that F1 had a higher protein content (5.68%) than F2 (4.02%), while F2 had higher carbohydrate (26.35%) and energy (125.17 kcal) than F1 (97.48 kcal). Organoleptic tests showed that respondents liked the color and texture of the meatballs (liked), while the aroma and flavor were quite liked. Thus, the combination of moringa leaf and eel meatballs has the potential to be a locally based functional food alternative to support toddler nutrition and can be used as an innovative strategy to reduce stunting rates in Indonesia.
Keywords: stunting, toddlers, moringa leaf meatballs, eel, functional food
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Essa WY, Nurfindarti E, Ruhyana NF. Strategies for Handling Stunting in Bandung City. Jurnal Bina Praja. 2021; 13(1), 15–28. https:// doi.org /10.21787/ jbp.13.2021.15-28
2. Atamou L, Rahmadiyah DC, Hassan H, Setiawan A. Analysis of the Determinants of Stunting among Children Aged below Five Years in Stunting Locus Villages in Indonesia. Healthcare. 2023;11(6):810. doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060810
3. Khaliq A, Wraith D, Nambiar S, Miller Y. A review of the prevalence, trends, and determinants of coexisting forms of malnutrition in neonates, infants, and children. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2022;22(1):1–23. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13098-9
4. Ayuningtyas D, Hapsari D, Rachmalina R, Amir V, Rachmawati R, Kusuma D. Geographic and Socioeconomic Disparity in Child Undernutrition across 514 Districts in Indonesia. Nutrients. 2022;14(4):1–17. https: //doi.org /10.3390/n u14040843
5. Riyadh NA, Batara AS, Rachmalina R, Vilda A, Riani R, Dian K. EfektivitasKebijakandalamPelaksanaan Program Penanggulangan Stunting di KabupatenEnrekang. Journal of Muslim Community Health. 2022;4(1):1–17. https://doi.org/10.52103/jmch.v4i1.1188
6. Feng J, Gong Z, Wang Y, Huo J, Zhuo Q. Complementary Feeding and Malnutrition among Infants and Young Children Aged 6–23 Months in Rural Areas of China. Nutrients. 2022;14(9):1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091807
7. 7. Alzoubi KM, Alshammari GM, Al-Khalifah AS, Mohammed MA, Aljuhani HE, Yahya MA. Nutritional status and associated risk factors of syrian children’s residents in the kingdom of saudiarabia. Children. 2021;8(11). https:// doi.org /10.3390/ children8111053
8. Makhrajani M. Tharihk AJ. Rahmat ZR. Cegah Stunting melalui Perilaku Hidup Sehat. Pekalongan. Penerbit NEM. 2022. Link
9. Soofi SB, Khan GN, Ariff S, Rizvi A, Hussainyar MA, Garzon C, et al. Effectiveness of specialized nutritious foods and social and behavior change communication interventions to prevent stunting among children in Badakhshan, Afghanistan: Protocol for a quasi-experimental study. Methods Protoc. 2021;4(3):1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps4030055
10. Sufri S, Nurhasanah, Jannah M, Dewi TP, Sirasa F, Bakri S. Child Stunting Reduction in Aceh Province: Challenges and a Way Ahead. Matern Child Health J. 2023;1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03601-y
11. Fetriyuna F, Purwestri RC, Susandy M, Köhler R, Jati IRAP, Wirawan NN, et al. Supplementary Foods for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Moderate Acute Malnutrition in Children. Foods [Internet]. 2021;10(3013):1–16. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10123013
12. Perito MA, Coderoni S, Russo C. Consumer attitudes towards local and organic food with upcycled ingredients: An Italian case study for olive leaves. Foods. 2020;9(9). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32962245/
13. Affonfere M, Chadare FJ, Fassinou FTK, Talsma EF, Linnemann AR, Azokpota P. A complementary food supplement from local food ingredients to enhance iron intake among children aged 6–59 months in Benin. Food Sci Nutr. 2021;9(7):3824–35. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fsn3.2358
14. Arwanto V, Buschle-Diller G, Mukti YP, Dewi ADR, Mumpuni C, Purwanto MGM, et al. The state of plant-based food development and its prospects in the Indonesia market. Heliyon [Internet]. 2022;8(10):e11062. Available from: https:// doi.org/ 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11062
15. Basri H, Hadju V, Zulkifli A, Syam A, Indriasari R. Effect of moringa oleifera supplementation during pregnancy on the prevention of stunted growth in children between the ages of 36 to 42 months. J Public health Res. 2021;10(2):290–5. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2207
16. Usman, Fitriani U RT. The Effectiveness of Giving Moringa Oleifera Formulation to Increase Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women. 2022;4(2):232–8. https://doi.org/10.36590/jika.v4i2.339
17. Hodas F, Zorzenon MRT, Milani PG. Moringa oleifera potential as a functional food and a natural food additive: A biochemical approach. An Acad Bras Cienc. 2021;93:1–18. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34706010/
18. Teye E, Deha CI, Dadzie R, Macarthur RL. Delivering the Nutritional Needs by Food to Food Fortification of Staples Using Underutilized Plant Species in Africa. International Journal of Food Science. 2020; 2020(1-8. https:// doi.org/1 0.1155/2020/8826693
19. Agedew E, Misker D, Gelibo T, Tadelle A, Eyasu Makonnen, Worku S, et al. Does Moringa stenopetala based diet consumption decrease burden of under nutrition in under-five children, Southern Ethiopia?. 2022; 8(8):1-7. https:// doi.org/ 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10285
20. Rika Resmana DP. Eel Chips (Monopterus albus) Can Increase Hemoglobin Levels in Teenage Girl. Sapporo Med J. 2020;54 (08) :1–11. maejournal.com /article/eel
21. Herawati VE, Nugroho RA, Pinandoyo, Hutabarat J, Prayitno B, Karnaradjasa O. The Growth Performance and Nutrient Quality of Asian Swamp Eel Monopterus albus in Central Java Indonesia in a Freshwater Aquaculture System with Different Feeds. J Aquat Food Prod Technol. 2018;27(6):658–66. https:// doi.org/ 10.1080/ 10498850.2018.1483990
22. Zumria, Laenggeng AH. Kadar Protein Belut Sawah (Monepterus albus Zuiew) Pada Berbagai Jenis Pengolahan di Desa LembantongoaKecamatan Palolo dan Pemanfaatannyasebagai Media Pembelajaran. Journal of Biology Science and Education (JBSE). 2019;7(1): 402-407. https:// www.jurnalfkipuntad .com/ index.php/ ejipbiol/article/view/1120
23. Imelda I, Kusrini N, Hidayat R. Development Strategy 0f Local Food Diversification. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan (JEJAK). 2017;10(1):62–79. http:// dx.doi.org/ 10.15294/jejak.v10i1.9127
24. Ismiarti, Abdul R, Muhamad S, Sugiyono, Teguh DP. Enhancing the Quality of Chicken Meatball with Egg Albumen as Binding Agent: Study on Chemical, Texture Profile, and Sensory Properties. Jurnal Triton. 2024. 15(2):538-546. https://doi.org/10.47687/jt.v15i2.837
25. Xiangren M, Danxuan W, Zhaoli Z, HengpengW,Peng W, Zhicheng X, Ziwu G, Benjamin KM, Mokhtar D. An overview of factors affecting the quality of beef meatballs: Processing and preservation. Food Science & Nutrition. 2021: 1963-1974. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2812
26. Katmawanti S, Supriyadi, Mariroh F. Is instant porridge with a high calcium content based on Moringa oleifera as an alternative baby food to prevent stunting in Indonesia? Journal of Public Health Research. 2021; 10:2233: 353-357. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2233
27. Rahmat Zarksyi R, dkk. Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu dalamPemberianBakso Belut untukPencegahan Stunting pada Balita. Jurnal Ilmiah Manusia dan Kesehatan. 2024;7 (2):238-245. https://jurnal.umpar.ac.id /index.php/ makes /article/view/3050]
28. Sekar I, Ratih K, Al Mukhlas F. KarakteristikOrganoleptik Dan Kandungan Gizi Bakso Ikan KembungDenganSubstitusiTepung Daun Kelor. Ghidza: Jurnal Gizi Dan Kesehatan. 2022;6(1): 94-104. https://doi.org/10.22487/ghidza.v6i1.504
29. Theofilus W, Isye JL, Nafly CT. Substitution of Sago Flour and Moringa Leaf Flour on the Organoleptic Quality of Chicken Meatballs. JurnalAgrosilvopasture-Tech. 2023; 2 (2): 347-353. https://doi.org/10.30598/j.agrosilvopasture-tech.2023.2.2.347
30. Rizky W, Trias M. PengaruhEdukasi Gizi Seimbang Dan Pemanfaatan Daun Kelor Sebagai Pencegahan Stunting. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai. 2024;5(2):5138–4147. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v5i2.29099
31. Hasyim M, Hapzah H. 2019. Daya Terima Kue Baruasdengan Penambahan Tepung Daun Kelor Tua. Jurnal Kesehatan Manarang, 5(2): 132. https:// doi.org/ 10.33490/jkm.v5i2.167.
32. Kurnia Sari Y, Catur Adi A, Studi PS. 2017. dayaterima, kadar protein dan zatbesi cookies subtitusitepungdaunkelor dan tepungkecambahkedelai Acceptability, Protein, and Iron Level of Moringa Leaf Flour and Germinated Soy Flour. Media Gizi Indonesia, 12: 27–33.
33. Rustamaji GAS, Ismawati R. 2021. Daya Terima Dan Kandungan Gizi Biskuit Daun Kelor SebagaiAlternatifMakananSelingan Balita Stunting. Jurnal Gizi Unesa, 01(01): 31–37.
34. Akaso A, Lasindrang M, Antuli Z. 2021. Karakteristik Kimia Dan Uji OrganoleptikBoluGulung Dari TepungBiji Nangka. Jambura Journal of Food Technology, 3(2): 38–49. https://doi.org/10.37905/jjft.v3i2.7641.
35. Mas’ud H, Fitri AR. 2021. Daya Terima dan Kadar Serat Pada Brownies denganPenambahanTepung Oatmeal (Avena Sativa). Media Gizi Pangan, 28(1): 78–83.
36. Iskandar AB, Ningtyias F wahyuyu, Rohmawati N. 2019. Analisis Kadar Protein, Kalsium Dan Daya Terima Es Krim DenganPenambahanTepung Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera). Nutrition and Food Research, 42(2): 65–72.
37. Khasanah Via AP. 2019. PengaruhPenambahanEkstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) Terhadap Kualitas Inderawi Dan Kandungan Protein Mie Basah SubstitusiTepungMocaf. JurnalKompetensi Teknik, 11(2): 15–21.
38. JAS, Sineke J, Purba B. 2020. Bubuk Daun Kelor Sebagai Formula Makanan Balita Stunting. JurnalGizido, 12(2): 105–112.
39. Heluq DZ, Mundiastuti L. 2018. Daya Terima Dan Zat Gizi Pancake SubstitusiKacang Merah (Phaseolus Vulgaris L) Dan Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) SebagaiAlternatifJajanan Anak Sekolah. Media Gizi Indonesia, 13(2): 133. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v13i2.133-140.
40. Najmia, H., Mahreda, E. S., Mahyudin, R. P., & Kissinger K. 2021. Optimalisasi Proses Pengeringan Mie Belut (Monopterus albus Zuieuw) Instan. Jurnal Enviro Scientea, 17(2): 21–29.
1. Essa WY, Nurfindarti E, Ruhyana NF. Strategies for Handling Stunting in Bandung City. Jurnal Bina Praja. 2021; 13(1), 15–28. https:// doi.org /10.21787/ jbp.13.2021.15-28
2. Atamou L, Rahmadiyah DC, Hassan H, Setiawan A. Analysis of the Determinants of Stunting among Children Aged below Five Years in Stunting Locus Villages in Indonesia. Healthcare. 2023;11(6):810. doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060810
3. Khaliq A, Wraith D, Nambiar S, Miller Y. A review of the prevalence, trends, and determinants of coexisting forms of malnutrition in neonates, infants, and children. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2022;22(1):1–23. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13098-9
4. Ayuningtyas D, Hapsari D, Rachmalina R, Amir V, Rachmawati R, Kusuma D. Geographic and Socioeconomic Disparity in Child Undernutrition across 514 Districts in Indonesia. Nutrients. 2022;14(4):1–17. https: //doi.org /10.3390/n u14040843
5. Riyadh NA, Batara AS, Rachmalina R, Vilda A, Riani R, Dian K. EfektivitasKebijakandalamPelaksanaan Program Penanggulangan Stunting di KabupatenEnrekang. Journal of Muslim Community Health. 2022;4(1):1–17. https://doi.org/10.52103/jmch.v4i1.1188
6. Feng J, Gong Z, Wang Y, Huo J, Zhuo Q. Complementary Feeding and Malnutrition among Infants and Young Children Aged 6–23 Months in Rural Areas of China. Nutrients. 2022;14(9):1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091807
7. 7. Alzoubi KM, Alshammari GM, Al-Khalifah AS, Mohammed MA, Aljuhani HE, Yahya MA. Nutritional status and associated risk factors of syrian children’s residents in the kingdom of saudiarabia. Children. 2021;8(11). https:// doi.org /10.3390/ children8111053
8. Makhrajani M. Tharihk AJ. Rahmat ZR. Cegah Stunting melalui Perilaku Hidup Sehat. Pekalongan. Penerbit NEM. 2022. Link
9. Soofi SB, Khan GN, Ariff S, Rizvi A, Hussainyar MA, Garzon C, et al. Effectiveness of specialized nutritious foods and social and behavior change communication interventions to prevent stunting among children in Badakhshan, Afghanistan: Protocol for a quasi-experimental study. Methods Protoc. 2021;4(3):1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps4030055
10. Sufri S, Nurhasanah, Jannah M, Dewi TP, Sirasa F, Bakri S. Child Stunting Reduction in Aceh Province: Challenges and a Way Ahead. Matern Child Health J. 2023;1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03601-y
11. Fetriyuna F, Purwestri RC, Susandy M, Köhler R, Jati IRAP, Wirawan NN, et al. Supplementary Foods for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Moderate Acute Malnutrition in Children. Foods [Internet]. 2021;10(3013):1–16. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10123013
12. Perito MA, Coderoni S, Russo C. Consumer attitudes towards local and organic food with upcycled ingredients: An Italian case study for olive leaves. Foods. 2020;9(9). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32962245/
13. Affonfere M, Chadare FJ, Fassinou FTK, Talsma EF, Linnemann AR, Azokpota P. A complementary food supplement from local food ingredients to enhance iron intake among children aged 6–59 months in Benin. Food Sci Nutr. 2021;9(7):3824–35. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fsn3.2358
14. Arwanto V, Buschle-Diller G, Mukti YP, Dewi ADR, Mumpuni C, Purwanto MGM, et al. The state of plant-based food development and its prospects in the Indonesia market. Heliyon [Internet]. 2022;8(10):e11062. Available from: https:// doi.org/ 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11062
15. Basri H, Hadju V, Zulkifli A, Syam A, Indriasari R. Effect of moringa oleifera supplementation during pregnancy on the prevention of stunted growth in children between the ages of 36 to 42 months. J Public health Res. 2021;10(2):290–5. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2207
16. Usman, Fitriani U RT. The Effectiveness of Giving Moringa Oleifera Formulation to Increase Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women. 2022;4(2):232–8. https://doi.org/10.36590/jika.v4i2.339
17. Hodas F, Zorzenon MRT, Milani PG. Moringa oleifera potential as a functional food and a natural food additive: A biochemical approach. An Acad Bras Cienc. 2021;93:1–18. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34706010/
18. Teye E, Deha CI, Dadzie R, Macarthur RL. Delivering the Nutritional Needs by Food to Food Fortification of Staples Using Underutilized Plant Species in Africa. International Journal of Food Science. 2020; 2020(1-8. https:// doi.org/1 0.1155/2020/8826693
19. Agedew E, Misker D, Gelibo T, Tadelle A, Eyasu Makonnen, Worku S, et al. Does Moringa stenopetala based diet consumption decrease burden of under nutrition in under-five children, Southern Ethiopia?. 2022; 8(8):1-7. https:// doi.org/ 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10285
20. Rika Resmana DP. Eel Chips (Monopterus albus) Can Increase Hemoglobin Levels in Teenage Girl. Sapporo Med J. 2020;54 (08) :1–11. maejournal.com /article/eel
21. Herawati VE, Nugroho RA, Pinandoyo, Hutabarat J, Prayitno B, Karnaradjasa O. The Growth Performance and Nutrient Quality of Asian Swamp Eel Monopterus albus in Central Java Indonesia in a Freshwater Aquaculture System with Different Feeds. J Aquat Food Prod Technol. 2018;27(6):658–66. https:// doi.org/ 10.1080/ 10498850.2018.1483990
22. Zumria, Laenggeng AH. Kadar Protein Belut Sawah (Monepterus albus Zuiew) Pada Berbagai Jenis Pengolahan di Desa LembantongoaKecamatan Palolo dan Pemanfaatannyasebagai Media Pembelajaran. Journal of Biology Science and Education (JBSE). 2019;7(1): 402-407. https:// www.jurnalfkipuntad .com/ index.php/ ejipbiol/article/view/1120
23. Imelda I, Kusrini N, Hidayat R. Development Strategy 0f Local Food Diversification. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan (JEJAK). 2017;10(1):62–79. http:// dx.doi.org/ 10.15294/jejak.v10i1.9127
24. Ismiarti, Abdul R, Muhamad S, Sugiyono, Teguh DP. Enhancing the Quality of Chicken Meatball with Egg Albumen as Binding Agent: Study on Chemical, Texture Profile, and Sensory Properties. Jurnal Triton. 2024. 15(2):538-546. https://doi.org/10.47687/jt.v15i2.837
25. Xiangren M, Danxuan W, Zhaoli Z, HengpengW,Peng W, Zhicheng X, Ziwu G, Benjamin KM, Mokhtar D. An overview of factors affecting the quality of beef meatballs: Processing and preservation. Food Science & Nutrition. 2021: 1963-1974. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2812
26. Katmawanti S, Supriyadi, Mariroh F. Is instant porridge with a high calcium content based on Moringa oleifera as an alternative baby food to prevent stunting in Indonesia? Journal of Public Health Research. 2021; 10:2233: 353-357. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2233
27. Rahmat Zarksyi R, dkk. Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu dalamPemberianBakso Belut untukPencegahan Stunting pada Balita. Jurnal Ilmiah Manusia dan Kesehatan. 2024;7 (2):238-245. https://jurnal.umpar.ac.id /index.php/ makes /article/view/3050]
28. Sekar I, Ratih K, Al Mukhlas F. KarakteristikOrganoleptik Dan Kandungan Gizi Bakso Ikan KembungDenganSubstitusiTepung Daun Kelor. Ghidza: Jurnal Gizi Dan Kesehatan. 2022;6(1): 94-104. https://doi.org/10.22487/ghidza.v6i1.504
29. Theofilus W, Isye JL, Nafly CT. Substitution of Sago Flour and Moringa Leaf Flour on the Organoleptic Quality of Chicken Meatballs. JurnalAgrosilvopasture-Tech. 2023; 2 (2): 347-353. https://doi.org/10.30598/j.agrosilvopasture-tech.2023.2.2.347
30. Rizky W, Trias M. PengaruhEdukasi Gizi Seimbang Dan Pemanfaatan Daun Kelor Sebagai Pencegahan Stunting. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai. 2024;5(2):5138–4147. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v5i2.29099
31. Hasyim M, Hapzah H. 2019. Daya Terima Kue Baruasdengan Penambahan Tepung Daun Kelor Tua. Jurnal Kesehatan Manarang, 5(2): 132. https:// doi.org/ 10.33490/jkm.v5i2.167.
32. Kurnia Sari Y, Catur Adi A, Studi PS. 2017. dayaterima, kadar protein dan zatbesi cookies subtitusitepungdaunkelor dan tepungkecambahkedelai Acceptability, Protein, and Iron Level of Moringa Leaf Flour and Germinated Soy Flour. Media Gizi Indonesia, 12: 27–33.
33. Rustamaji GAS, Ismawati R. 2021. Daya Terima Dan Kandungan Gizi Biskuit Daun Kelor SebagaiAlternatifMakananSelingan Balita Stunting. Jurnal Gizi Unesa, 01(01): 31–37.
34. Akaso A, Lasindrang M, Antuli Z. 2021. Karakteristik Kimia Dan Uji OrganoleptikBoluGulung Dari TepungBiji Nangka. Jambura Journal of Food Technology, 3(2): 38–49. https://doi.org/10.37905/jjft.v3i2.7641.
35. Mas’ud H, Fitri AR. 2021. Daya Terima dan Kadar Serat Pada Brownies denganPenambahanTepung Oatmeal (Avena Sativa). Media Gizi Pangan, 28(1): 78–83.
36. Iskandar AB, Ningtyias F wahyuyu, Rohmawati N. 2019. Analisis Kadar Protein, Kalsium Dan Daya Terima Es Krim DenganPenambahanTepung Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera). Nutrition and Food Research, 42(2): 65–72.
37. Khasanah Via AP. 2019. PengaruhPenambahanEkstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) Terhadap Kualitas Inderawi Dan Kandungan Protein Mie Basah SubstitusiTepungMocaf. JurnalKompetensi Teknik, 11(2): 15–21.
38. JAS, Sineke J, Purba B. 2020. Bubuk Daun Kelor Sebagai Formula Makanan Balita Stunting. JurnalGizido, 12(2): 105–112.
39. Heluq DZ, Mundiastuti L. 2018. Daya Terima Dan Zat Gizi Pancake SubstitusiKacang Merah (Phaseolus Vulgaris L) Dan Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) SebagaiAlternatifJajanan Anak Sekolah. Media Gizi Indonesia, 13(2): 133. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v13i2.133-140.
40. Najmia, H., Mahreda, E. S., Mahyudin, R. P., & Kissinger K. 2021. Optimalisasi Proses Pengeringan Mie Belut (Monopterus albus Zuieuw) Instan. Jurnal Enviro Scientea, 17(2): 21–29.
Downloads
Published
2025-12-14
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Preventif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Development Nutritional Evaluation and Acceptability of Moringa Moringa oleifera and Eel Monopterus albus Meatballs as a Functional Food for Stunted Toddlers. (2025). Preventif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 16(3). https://doi.org/10.22487/mag6kv62
