WHO-Anthro Growth Standard's Effect On Quality and Data On Toddler Nutrition
Article History
Submited : November 5, 2022
Published : December 26, 2022
Keywords:
Indonesia began implementing the WHO-2006 child growth standard in 2010, including Aceh Province. However, it has not used WHO-Anthro to measure the quality of data and information on the nutritional status of children under five. Nutritionists only assess the growth of toddlers using simplified tables and growth charts. The study aims to measure the effect of using WHO-Anthro growth standards on toddlers' quality and nutritional status data.The study used a Quasi Experiment design conducted at the Banda Aceh City Health Office in 2021. The subjects were all nutritionists, namely 22 nutritionists. Data collection was carried out for three months, starting from the pretest and post-test after one month of practice and after two months—the training on using WHO-Anthro application-based growth standards. The data collected was the quality of nutrition data, including timeliness, completeness of information, accuracy, and usefulness. Data were analyzed using the Repeated Measured Anova test at 95% CI. The results found that using WHO-Anthro standards for two months after the intervention had improved the quality of nutrition data to 85.16%. Therefore, there is a statistically significant difference in average data quality between before and after one to two months of using WHO-Anthro (p-value < 0.05). In conclusion, using WHO-Anthro growth standards can improve the quality of data and information on the nutritional status of young children.
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Al Rahmad, A. H., Junaidi, J., Fitrianingsih, E., Iskandar, I., Mulyani, N. S., Irwandi, I., Arnisam, A., Khazanah, W., Andriani, A., & Alfridsyah, A. (2022). Effectiveness of using Android-based applications for nutrition monitoring of toddlers in Banda Aceh. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(E), 444–451. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7599
Al Rahmad, A. H., Miko, A., Labatjo, R., Fajriansyah, F., Fitri, Y., & Suryana, S. (2020). Malnutrition prevalence among toddlers based on family characteristics: A cross-sectional study in the rural and urban areas of Aceh, Indonesia. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health, 49(3), 263. https://doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v49i3.9145
Ali, P. B. (2019). Rancangan RPJMN Teknokratik 2020-2024. Bidang Pembangunan Kesehatan. Kesehatan dan Gizi Masyarakat. https://www.kemkes.go.id/resources/download/info-terkini/rakerkesnas-2019/1-Isu-Strategis-RPJMN-2020-2024-KGM-Bappenas.pdf
Aqil, A., Lippeveld, T., & Hozumi, D. (2009). PRISM framework: a paradigm shift for designing, strengthening and evaluating routine health information systems. Health Policy and Planning, 24(3), 217–228. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czp010
Aritonang, I. (2012). Model multilevel pertumbuhan anak usia 0-24 bulan dan variabel yang mempengaruhinya. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Evaluasi Pendidikan, 16(2), 130–142. https://doi.org/10.21831/pep.v16i0.1109
Aryastami, N. K. (2017). Kajian kebijakan dan penanggulangan masalah gizi stunting di Indonesia. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan, 45(4), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v45i4.7465.233-240
Balitbangkes. (2018). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. In Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.
Cichy, C., & Rass, S. (2019). An Overview of Data Quality Frameworks. IEEE Access, 7, 24634–24648. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2899751
Cole, T. J. (2012). The development of growth references and growth charts. Annals of Human Biology, 39(5), 382–394. https://doi.org/10.3109/03014460.2012.694475
de Bont, J., Díaz, Y., Casas, M., García-Gil, M., Vrijheid, M., & Duarte-Salles, T. (2020). Time Trends and Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents in Spain. JAMA Network Open, 3(3), e201171–e201171. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1171
De Onis, M., Onyango, A., Borghi, E., Siyam, A., Blössner, M., & Lutter, C. (2012). Worldwide implementation of the WHO child growth standards. Public Health Nutrition, 15(9), 1603–1610. https://doi.org/10.1017/s136898001200105x
Esmail, L. C., Cohen-Kohler, J. C., & Djibuti, M. (2007). Human resource management in the Georgian National Immunization Program: a baseline assessment. Human Resources for Health, 5(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4491-5-20
Faber, M., Schoeman, S., Smuts, C., Adams, V., & Ford-Ngomane, T. (2009). Evaluation of community-based growth monitoring in rural districts of the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 22(4), 185–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/16070658.2009.11734247
Garrido-Miguel, M., Oliveira, A., Cavero-Redondo, I., Álvarez-Bueno, C., Pozuelo-Carrascosa, D. P., Soriano-Cano, A., & Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. (2019). Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among European Preschool Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression by Food Group Consumption. In Nutrients (Vol. 11, Issue 7, p. 1698). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071698
Gebreslassie, A. A., Below, M. T., Ashebir, M. M., Gezae, K. E., & Chekole, M. K. (2020). Enhancing health facility-based data quality and use for decision making at primary health care units to improve health service delivery of maternal newborn child and adolescent health, Tigray Ethiopia 2018. Archives of Community Medicine and Public Health, 6(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000068
Goldzweig, C. L., Orshansky, G., Paige, N. M., Towfigh, A. A., Haggstrom, D. A., Miake-Lye, I., Beroes, J. M., & Shekelle, P. G. (2013). Electronic Patient Portals: Evidence on Health Outcomes, Satisfaction, Efficiency, and Attitudes. Annals of Internal Medicine, 159(10), 677–687. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-10-201311190-00006
Grandia, L. (2017). Healthcare information systems: a look at the past, present, and future. Health Catalyst, 1–4.
Hijrawati, Usman, A. N., Syarif, S., Hadju, V., As’ad, S., & Baso, Y. S. (2021). Use of technology for monitoring the development of nutritional status 1000 hpk in stunting prevention in Indonesia. Gaceta Sanitaria, 35, S231–S234. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.028
Hoxha, K., Hung, Y. W., Irwin, B. R., & Grepin, K. A. (2022). Understanding the challenges associated with the use of data from routine health information systems in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Health Information Management Journal, 51(3), 135–148. https://doi.org/10.1177/1833358320928729
Johnson, W., Vazir, S., Fernandez-Rao, S., Kankipati, V. R., Balakrishna, N., & Griffiths, P. L. (2012). Using the WHO 2006 child growth standard to assess the growth and nutritional status of rural South Indian infants. Annals of Human Biology, 39(2), 91–101. https://doi.org/10.3109/03014460.2012.657680
Kemenkes RI. (2020). Regulation of the Minister of Health of Indonesia, No. 2 of 2020. Concerning child anthropometry standards. In Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (PMK No. 2 Tahun 2020). Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.
Kemenkes RI. (2021). Buku Saku: Hasil Studi Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) tahun 2021 (Edisi 1). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Kim, J. H., Yun, S., Hwang, S.-S., Shim, J. O., Chae, H. W., Lee, Y. J., Lee, J. H., Kim, S. C., Lim, D., Yang, S. W., Oh, K., & Moon, J. S. (2018). The 2017 Korean National Growth Charts for children and adolescents: development, improvement, and prospects. Korean Journal of Pediatrics, 61(5), 135–149. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2018.61.5.135
Maina-Gathigi, L., Mwirigi, L., Imelda, V., Bilukha, O., Leidman, E., Kinyua, L., & Chirchir, K. (2017). Improving nutrition information systems: lessons from Kenya. In Field Exchange 55 (Vol. 55, p. 80). Emergency Nutrition Network (ENN). https://www.ennonline.net/fex/55/nutinfosystemlessonskenya
Miko, A., & Al-Rahmad, A. H. (2017). Hubungan berat dan tinggi badan orang tua dengan status gizi balita di Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Gizi Indonesia, 40(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.36457/gizindo.v40i1.222
Nurhayati, S., Anandari, D., & Ekowati, W. (2019). The Evaluation of Nutrition Information System Using Combined Method of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Usage of Technology (UTAUT) and Task Technology Fit (TTF). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 255(1), 12007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/255/1/012007/meta
Pradhan, M., Brinkman, S. A., Beatty, A., Maika, A., Satriawan, E., de Ree, J., & Hasan, A. (2013). Evaluating a community-based early childhood education and development program in Indonesia: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial with supplementary matched control group. Trials, 14(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-259
Rahmah, M., & Dahlawi, D. (2022). Peran Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh Dalam Pencegahan Dan Penanganan Stunting Terintegrasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial & Ilmu Politik, 7(3). https://jim.unsyiah.ac.id/FISIP/article/view/20603
Roberfroid, D., Pelto, G. H., & Kolsteren, P. (2007). Plot and see! Maternal comprehension of growth charts worldwide. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 12(9), 1074–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01890.x
Russell, M. K. (2015). Functional Assessment of Nutrition Status. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 30(2), 211–218. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0884533615570094
Sadeghi, M., Langarizadeh, M., Olang, B., Seddighi, H., & Sheikhtaheri, A. (2021). A Survey of implementation status of child nutrition surveillance systems, registry systems and information systems: a scoping literature review protocol. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 5(1), e001164. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001164
Salam, M., & Farooq, M. S. (2020). Does sociability quality of web-based collaborative learning information system influence students' satisfaction and system usage? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1), 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00189-z
Salamate, G. A. (2014). Analisis Perencanaan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. JIKMU, 4(4), 625–633. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/jikmu/article/view/7683
Ssentongo, P., Ssentongo, A. E., Ba, D. M., Ericson, J. E., Na, M., Gao, X., Fronterre, C., Chinchilli, V. M., & Schiff, S. J. (2021). Global, regional and national epidemiology and prevalence of child stunting, wasting and underweight in low- and middle-income countries, 2006–2018. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 5204. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84302-w
Ulfah, M. (2019). Analysis The Implementation Of Program For Reducing Malnutrition Status Of Toddlers By Health Department Of Banda Aceh City. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial & Ilmu Politik, 4(4), 1–15.
Van Der Lei, J. (2002). Information and Communication Technology in Health Care: Do We Need Feedback. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 66(1–3), 75–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1386-5056(02)00039-4
WHO. (2011). WHO Anthro for Personal Computers. Software for Assessing Growth and Development of the World's Children. Department of Nutrition for Health and Development.
Ziema, S. A., & Asem, L. (2020). Assessment of immunization data quality of routine reports in Ho municipality of Volta region, Ghana. BMC Health Services Research, 20(1), 1013. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-05865-4
Al Rahmad, A. H., Junaidi, J., Fitrianingsih, E., Iskandar, I., Mulyani, N. S., Irwandi, I., Arnisam, A., Khazanah, W., Andriani, A., & Alfridsyah, A. (2022). Effectiveness of using Android-based applications for nutrition monitoring of toddlers in Banda Aceh. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(E), 444–451. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7599
Al Rahmad, A. H., Miko, A., Labatjo, R., Fajriansyah, F., Fitri, Y., & Suryana, S. (2020). Malnutrition prevalence among toddlers based on family characteristics: A cross-sectional study in the rural and urban areas of Aceh, Indonesia. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health, 49(3), 263. https://doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v49i3.9145
Ali, P. B. (2019). Rancangan RPJMN Teknokratik 2020-2024. Bidang Pembangunan Kesehatan. Kesehatan dan Gizi Masyarakat. https://www.kemkes.go.id/resources/download/info-terkini/rakerkesnas-2019/1-Isu-Strategis-RPJMN-2020-2024-KGM-Bappenas.pdf
Aqil, A., Lippeveld, T., & Hozumi, D. (2009). PRISM framework: a paradigm shift for designing, strengthening and evaluating routine health information systems. Health Policy and Planning, 24(3), 217–228. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czp010
Aritonang, I. (2012). Model multilevel pertumbuhan anak usia 0-24 bulan dan variabel yang mempengaruhinya. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Evaluasi Pendidikan, 16(2), 130–142. https://doi.org/10.21831/pep.v16i0.1109
Aryastami, N. K. (2017). Kajian kebijakan dan penanggulangan masalah gizi stunting di Indonesia. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan, 45(4), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v45i4.7465.233-240
Balitbangkes. (2018). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. In Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.
Cichy, C., & Rass, S. (2019). An Overview of Data Quality Frameworks. IEEE Access, 7, 24634–24648. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2899751
Cole, T. J. (2012). The development of growth references and growth charts. Annals of Human Biology, 39(5), 382–394. https://doi.org/10.3109/03014460.2012.694475
de Bont, J., Díaz, Y., Casas, M., García-Gil, M., Vrijheid, M., & Duarte-Salles, T. (2020). Time Trends and Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents in Spain. JAMA Network Open, 3(3), e201171–e201171. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1171
De Onis, M., Onyango, A., Borghi, E., Siyam, A., Blössner, M., & Lutter, C. (2012). Worldwide implementation of the WHO child growth standards. Public Health Nutrition, 15(9), 1603–1610. https://doi.org/10.1017/s136898001200105x
Esmail, L. C., Cohen-Kohler, J. C., & Djibuti, M. (2007). Human resource management in the Georgian National Immunization Program: a baseline assessment. Human Resources for Health, 5(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4491-5-20
Faber, M., Schoeman, S., Smuts, C., Adams, V., & Ford-Ngomane, T. (2009). Evaluation of community-based growth monitoring in rural districts of the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 22(4), 185–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/16070658.2009.11734247
Garrido-Miguel, M., Oliveira, A., Cavero-Redondo, I., Álvarez-Bueno, C., Pozuelo-Carrascosa, D. P., Soriano-Cano, A., & Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. (2019). Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among European Preschool Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression by Food Group Consumption. In Nutrients (Vol. 11, Issue 7, p. 1698). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071698
Gebreslassie, A. A., Below, M. T., Ashebir, M. M., Gezae, K. E., & Chekole, M. K. (2020). Enhancing health facility-based data quality and use for decision making at primary health care units to improve health service delivery of maternal newborn child and adolescent health, Tigray Ethiopia 2018. Archives of Community Medicine and Public Health, 6(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000068
Goldzweig, C. L., Orshansky, G., Paige, N. M., Towfigh, A. A., Haggstrom, D. A., Miake-Lye, I., Beroes, J. M., & Shekelle, P. G. (2013). Electronic Patient Portals: Evidence on Health Outcomes, Satisfaction, Efficiency, and Attitudes. Annals of Internal Medicine, 159(10), 677–687. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-10-201311190-00006
Grandia, L. (2017). Healthcare information systems: a look at the past, present, and future. Health Catalyst, 1–4.
Hijrawati, Usman, A. N., Syarif, S., Hadju, V., As’ad, S., & Baso, Y. S. (2021). Use of technology for monitoring the development of nutritional status 1000 hpk in stunting prevention in Indonesia. Gaceta Sanitaria, 35, S231–S234. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.028
Hoxha, K., Hung, Y. W., Irwin, B. R., & Grepin, K. A. (2022). Understanding the challenges associated with the use of data from routine health information systems in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Health Information Management Journal, 51(3), 135–148. https://doi.org/10.1177/1833358320928729
Johnson, W., Vazir, S., Fernandez-Rao, S., Kankipati, V. R., Balakrishna, N., & Griffiths, P. L. (2012). Using the WHO 2006 child growth standard to assess the growth and nutritional status of rural South Indian infants. Annals of Human Biology, 39(2), 91–101. https://doi.org/10.3109/03014460.2012.657680
Kemenkes RI. (2020). Regulation of the Minister of Health of Indonesia, No. 2 of 2020. Concerning child anthropometry standards. In Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (PMK No. 2 Tahun 2020). Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.
Kemenkes RI. (2021). Buku Saku: Hasil Studi Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) tahun 2021 (Edisi 1). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Kim, J. H., Yun, S., Hwang, S.-S., Shim, J. O., Chae, H. W., Lee, Y. J., Lee, J. H., Kim, S. C., Lim, D., Yang, S. W., Oh, K., & Moon, J. S. (2018). The 2017 Korean National Growth Charts for children and adolescents: development, improvement, and prospects. Korean Journal of Pediatrics, 61(5), 135–149. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2018.61.5.135
Maina-Gathigi, L., Mwirigi, L., Imelda, V., Bilukha, O., Leidman, E., Kinyua, L., & Chirchir, K. (2017). Improving nutrition information systems: lessons from Kenya. In Field Exchange 55 (Vol. 55, p. 80). Emergency Nutrition Network (ENN). https://www.ennonline.net/fex/55/nutinfosystemlessonskenya
Miko, A., & Al-Rahmad, A. H. (2017). Hubungan berat dan tinggi badan orang tua dengan status gizi balita di Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Gizi Indonesia, 40(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.36457/gizindo.v40i1.222
Nurhayati, S., Anandari, D., & Ekowati, W. (2019). The Evaluation of Nutrition Information System Using Combined Method of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Usage of Technology (UTAUT) and Task Technology Fit (TTF). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 255(1), 12007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/255/1/012007/meta
Pradhan, M., Brinkman, S. A., Beatty, A., Maika, A., Satriawan, E., de Ree, J., & Hasan, A. (2013). Evaluating a community-based early childhood education and development program in Indonesia: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial with supplementary matched control group. Trials, 14(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-259
Rahmah, M., & Dahlawi, D. (2022). Peran Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh Dalam Pencegahan Dan Penanganan Stunting Terintegrasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial & Ilmu Politik, 7(3). https://jim.unsyiah.ac.id/FISIP/article/view/20603
Roberfroid, D., Pelto, G. H., & Kolsteren, P. (2007). Plot and see! Maternal comprehension of growth charts worldwide. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 12(9), 1074–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01890.x
Russell, M. K. (2015). Functional Assessment of Nutrition Status. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 30(2), 211–218. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0884533615570094
Sadeghi, M., Langarizadeh, M., Olang, B., Seddighi, H., & Sheikhtaheri, A. (2021). A Survey of implementation status of child nutrition surveillance systems, registry systems and information systems: a scoping literature review protocol. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 5(1), e001164. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001164
Salam, M., & Farooq, M. S. (2020). Does sociability quality of web-based collaborative learning information system influence students' satisfaction and system usage? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1), 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00189-z
Salamate, G. A. (2014). Analisis Perencanaan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. JIKMU, 4(4), 625–633. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/jikmu/article/view/7683
Ssentongo, P., Ssentongo, A. E., Ba, D. M., Ericson, J. E., Na, M., Gao, X., Fronterre, C., Chinchilli, V. M., & Schiff, S. J. (2021). Global, regional and national epidemiology and prevalence of child stunting, wasting and underweight in low- and middle-income countries, 2006–2018. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 5204. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84302-w
Ulfah, M. (2019). Analysis The Implementation Of Program For Reducing Malnutrition Status Of Toddlers By Health Department Of Banda Aceh City. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial & Ilmu Politik, 4(4), 1–15.
Van Der Lei, J. (2002). Information and Communication Technology in Health Care: Do We Need Feedback. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 66(1–3), 75–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1386-5056(02)00039-4
WHO. (2011). WHO Anthro for Personal Computers. Software for Assessing Growth and Development of the World's Children. Department of Nutrition for Health and Development.
Ziema, S. A., & Asem, L. (2020). Assessment of immunization data quality of routine reports in Ho municipality of Volta region, Ghana. BMC Health Services Research, 20(1), 1013. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-05865-4
Al Rahmad, A. (2022). WHO-Anthro Growth Standard’s Effect On Quality and Data On Toddler Nutrition. Ghidza: Jurnal Gizi Dan Kesehatan, 6(2), 153-161. https://doi.org/10.22487/ghidza.v6i2.570
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